Shutter speed and Aperture size

 a slow shutter speed will allow motion blur,  this means that the object you are photographing will be mostly in focus while the background will have a really blurry effect. having a fast shutter speed will freeze time, allowing you to capture some really powerful images. both of these effects can be amazing in different scenarios. fro example, a slow shutter speed will allow you to take a picture of moving traffic, and a quick shutter speed will be good for taking landscape pictures. where as wide apertures will create a shallow depth of field and allow you to single out one item or person. this is very useful as it creates very powerful photos. it is good for things like close up photos, it can also be used for portraiture.